Courier service began between Montreal and Quebec City by 1693, and likely occurred earlier, as Pedro da Silva, a courier, had arrived more than 20 years before that. In the American colonies, informal independently-run postal routes began in Boston as early as 1639, with Boston to New York City service starting in 1672. Free Franklin Post Office in Philadelphia Postal services began in the first half of the 17th century serving the first American colonies of Britain and France today, the United States Postal Service is a large government organization providing a wide range of services across the United States and its territories abroad. 16.1 Two Cent Red Sesquicentennial issues of 1926–1932.However, for other uses, adhesive stamps with denomination indicators are still available and sold. These stamps are still valid even if there is a rate increase. Where for a century-and-a-half or so, stamps were almost invariably denominated with their values (5 cent, 10 cent, etc.) the United States post office now sells non-denominated "forever" stamps for use on first-class and international mail. In many cases, post office clerks now use Postal Value Indicators (PVI), which are computer labels, instead of stamps. Today, many stamps issued by the post office are self-adhesive, and no longer require that the stamps be "licked" to activate the glue on their back. Postage due stamps were issued for some time and were pasted by the post office to letters having insufficient postage with the postage due to be paid to the postal carrier at the receiving address. Continued technological innovation subsequently prompted the introduction of special stamps, such as those for use with airmail, zeppelin mail, registered mail, certified mail, and so on. However, once the Post Office realized during the 1890s that it could increase revenues by selling stamps as "collectibles," it began issuing commemorative stamps, first in connection with important national expositions, later for the anniversaries of significant American historical events. Each of these stamps generally bore the face or bust of an American president or another historically important statesman. The issue and use of adhesive postage stamps continued during the 19th century primarily for first-class mail. government post office July 1, 1847, in the denominations of five and ten cents, with the use of stamps made mandatory in 1855. Stampless letters, paid for by the receiver, and private postal systems, were gradually phased out after the introduction of adhesive postage stamps, first issued by the U.S. Postal delivery in the United States was a matter of haphazard local organization until after the Revolutionary War, when eventually a national postal system was established. In the earliest days, ship captains arriving in port with stampless mail would advertise in the local newspaper names of those having mail and for them to come collect and pay for it, if not already paid for by the sender. Postal service in the United States began with the delivery of stampless letters whose cost was borne by the receiving person, later encompassed pre-paid letters carried by private mail carriers and provisional post offices, and culminated in a system of universal prepayment that required all letters to bear nationally issued adhesive postage stamps.
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